What is the Origin of Vocal Virilization?

The term combines "vocal," relating to the voice, with "virilization," the development of male physical characteristics, derived from the Latin virilis (of a man). This clinical observation is well-documented in endocrinology, particularly in cases of androgen-producing tumors or the misuse of anabolic steroids. The resulting voice change is often permanent.

What is the Mechanism of Vocal Virilization?

Androgens, such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), bind to receptors in the vocal fold tissues, stimulating protein synthesis and increasing the mass and thickness of the lamina propria and vocal muscle. This anabolic effect leads to a measurable increase in vocal fold size and density. The resulting increase in mass per unit length lowers the frequency of vibration, causing the irreversible voice deepening characteristic of virilization.

Vocal Virilization ∞ Area

Vocal Virilization

Meaning

Vocal virilization is the pathological or pharmacological process characterized by the irreversible deepening and coarsening of the voice, resulting from the structural alteration of the vocal folds due to excessive or prolonged exposure to androgens. This effect is a form of iatrogenic or pathological masculinization that permanently lowers the fundamental frequency of the voice. It is a critical adverse effect to monitor during androgen therapy.