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Vitamin K2 Carboxylation

Meaning

Vitamin K2 carboxylation is a vital post-translational modification process in which the enzyme gamma-glutamyl carboxylase, utilizing Vitamin K as a cofactor, adds a carboxyl group to specific glutamic acid residues on certain proteins. This modification is absolutely essential to activate key proteins, notably osteocalcin in bone and Matrix Gla Protein (MGP) in vasculature, enabling them to bind calcium ions effectively. This process is crucial for bone mineralization and the prevention of soft tissue and vascular calcification.