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Vitamin B12

Meaning

Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is an essential water-soluble vitamin that contains the trace element cobalt and is vital for neurological function, DNA synthesis, and the formation of red blood cells. Since the body cannot synthesize it, adequate intake from diet or supplementation is necessary to prevent deficiency, which can lead to megaloblastic anemia and irreversible nerve damage. Its metabolic role is particularly significant in the context of cellular energy and homocysteine regulation, which is an important cardiovascular risk marker.