What is the Origin of Venous Stasis?

The term combines the Latin root vena (vein) with the Greek word stasis, meaning "a standing still." The clinical significance of venous stasis was formally recognized as part of Virchow's triad in the mid-19th century, a framework that defined the three primary causes of thrombosis. This concept remains central to the pathology and prevention of venous thromboembolism in clinical medicine.

What is the Mechanism of Venous Stasis?

Venous return is highly dependent on the skeletal muscle pump and competent venous valves that prevent the backflow of blood. Venous stasis occurs when these mechanisms fail, such as during long periods of sitting or bed rest, leading to insufficient compression of the deep veins. The resulting slow blood flow allows procoagulant factors and platelets to accumulate locally, increasing their interaction with the endothelial lining and overwhelming the natural anticoagulant mechanisms, thus predisposing to clot formation.

Venous Stasis

Meaning

A medical condition characterized by the sluggish or stagnant flow of blood within the veins, particularly in the lower extremities, due to impaired venous return to the heart. This pooling of blood is a major component of Virchow’s triad and significantly increases the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and chronic venous insufficiency. Factors contributing to stasis include prolonged immobility, venous valve dysfunction, and certain hormonal states.