What is the Origin of Vascular Senescence?

The term combines "vascular," referring to the blood vessels, with "senescence," the biological process of cellular aging where cells lose the ability to divide and function optimally. This concept emerged from gerontology and cardiovascular research, recognizing that the aging of the vasculature is a distinct cellular process that precedes systemic disease.

What is the Mechanism of Vascular Senescence?

At the cellular level, vascular senescence is driven by telomere shortening, cumulative oxidative stress, and DNA damage, leading to the permanent growth arrest of endothelial and smooth muscle cells. These senescent cells release a pro-inflammatory secretome (SASP), which promotes chronic inflammation and impairs the bioavailability of nitric oxide, a key vasodilator. Sex hormones, particularly estradiol, are known to be vasculoprotective; their post-menopausal decline accelerates endothelial dysfunction and the subsequent progression of arterial stiffness, directly contributing to the pathological mechanism of vascular aging.

Vascular Senescence

Meaning

The progressive, age-related decline in the structural integrity and functional capacity of blood vessels, characterized by cellular changes such as endothelial dysfunction, increased arterial stiffness, and chronic low-grade inflammation. This state represents the biological aging of the circulatory system and is a major physiological precursor to overt cardiovascular diseases like hypertension, atherosclerosis, and stroke. Hormonal decline is a recognized accelerator of this process.

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Vascular Senescence

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

How Do Hormonal Regimens Impact Long-Term Cardiovascular Health?

Can Peptide Therapies Indirectly Support Cardiovascular Health in Men?

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