What is the Origin of Type 2 5-AR?

The term is a specific designation within the field of steroid biochemistry and endocrinology, identifying one of the three known isozymes of the 5-alpha reductase enzyme. The enzyme itself was discovered through research into androgen metabolism and its role in male sexual development and prostate pathology. Clinical interest focuses on this type due to its selective inhibition as a therapeutic strategy.

What is the Mechanism of Type 2 5-AR?

The enzyme catalyzes the reduction of the C4-5 double bond in the A-ring of testosterone, forming the more biologically active DHT. DHT binds to the androgen receptor with a much higher affinity and stability than testosterone, leading to a more potent signaling cascade within the cell nucleus. The mechanism of action is crucial for understanding why local tissue levels of DHT, driven by Type 2 5-AR, can exert profound biological effects independent of systemic testosterone concentration.

Type 2 5-AR ∞ Area

Type 2 5-AR

Meaning

Type 2 5-AR refers to the Type 2 isoform of the enzyme 5-alpha reductase, a key steroidogenic enzyme responsible for the irreversible conversion of testosterone into the significantly more potent androgen, dihydrotestosterone (DHT). This specific isoform is predominantly expressed in target tissues such as the prostate, hair follicles, and male genital skin. Its activity is directly implicated in androgen-dependent conditions, including benign prostatic hyperplasia and androgenetic alopecia.