What is the Origin of Tumor Microenvironment?

This concept emerged from cancer biology, shifting the focus from the tumor cell as a singular entity to the critical, reciprocal communication between the cancer cells and the surrounding stroma. This ecological perspective is essential for developing novel therapies that target the supportive components of the tumor.

What is the Mechanism of Tumor Microenvironment?

The TME is often characterized by chronic inflammation, hypoxia, and an acidic pH, which collectively drive tumor angiogenesis and immune evasion. Hormones and growth factors, such as estrogens and androgens in hormone-sensitive cancers, act as potent paracrine signals within this environment, stimulating the proliferation of both cancer and stromal cells. Furthermore, the TME orchestrates the recruitment and reprogramming of immune cells, fostering an immunosuppressive state that shields the tumor from destruction.

Tumor Microenvironment

Meaning

The Tumor Microenvironment (TME) is the complex ecosystem surrounding a malignant tumor, comprising a diverse population of non-cancerous cells, including immune cells, fibroblasts, pericytes, and endothelial cells, along with the extracellular matrix and various soluble signaling molecules. This dynamic, heterogeneous environment actively influences tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and the therapeutic efficacy of various treatments. It is recognized as a key determinant of cancer outcome.