What is the Origin of Trigemiovascular System?

The concept is rooted in neuroanatomy and the study of pain pathways, specifically identifying the sensory innervation of the cranial blood vessels by the trigeminal ganglion. Research into the pathogenesis of primary headache disorders solidified the understanding of this system's role. Its function is essential to the neurobiological model of migraine and cluster headache, driving modern pharmacological development.

What is the Mechanism of Trigemiovascular System?

Activation of the trigeminal nerve fibers, often triggered by internal or external stressors, leads to the release of neuropeptides, most notably Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP), into the perivascular space. These neuropeptides cause local inflammation and vasodilation of the cranial blood vessels, which in turn stimulates the nerve endings, perpetuating a pain cycle. Hormonal fluctuations can modulate the excitability of this system, explaining the link between estrogen and migraine frequency.

Trigemiovascular System ∞ Area

Trigemiovascular System

Meaning

The Trigemiovascular System is a neuroanatomical and physiological unit composed of the trigeminal nerve and the cerebral and meningeal blood vessels it innervates. This system is the primary anatomical substrate for the generation and transmission of pain signals in the head, including those associated with migraine headaches. It functions as a critical link between the central nervous system and the cranial vasculature. Its integrity is paramount for maintaining neurovascular stability in the cranium.