Question 1

What is the Meaning of TREM2?

Accepted Answer

TREM2, which stands for Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 2, is a critical transmembrane protein primarily expressed on microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system. This receptor plays a crucial role in phagocytosis, mediating the efficient clearance of apoptotic cells, lipid debris, and aggregated pathological proteins, such as amyloid-beta plaques. Functional variants of TREM2 are strongly linked to increased risk for various neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting its fundamental importance in brain immune surveillance and maintaining neural homeostasis.

Question 2

What is the Origin of TREM2?

Accepted Answer

This is a molecular biological acronym, identifying a specific receptor protein discovered in the study of myeloid cell function and neuroimmunology. Its name precisely describes its location on myeloid lineage cells and its signaling role as a 'triggering receptor.'

Question 3

What is the Mechanism of TREM2?

Accepted Answer

Upon binding to its diverse lipid or protein ligands, TREM2 initiates an intracellular signaling cascade through the adaptor protein DAP12, which promotes microglial survival, proliferation, and, most importantly, phagocytic activity. By efficiently clearing pathological aggregates and cellular waste, TREM2 helps to suppress chronic neuroinflammation and maintain the healthy neural environment. Hormonal factors, particularly sex steroids, can influence microglial activation states and potentially modulate TREM2 expression and function.

TREM2

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

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