What is the Origin of Treg Cells?

The concept of a suppressive T cell population was first hypothesized decades ago, but the specific identification and characterization of the CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ subset led to the formal recognition of Treg cells in modern immunology. The term "regulatory" precisely describes their function of actively suppressing the activity of other immune cells. Research into their function has become a major focus in autoimmune and transplantation medicine.

What is the Mechanism of Treg Cells?

Treg cells exert their immunosuppressive effects through several primary mechanisms. They can release inhibitory cytokines, notably Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β), which dampen the proliferation and function of effector T cells. Additionally, they can suppress target cells through direct cell-to-cell contact, metabolic disruption of the local environment, or by consuming the necessary growth factor IL-2. This active suppression is vital for preventing the immune system from mistakenly attacking the body's own tissues, including endocrine glands.

Treg Cells

Meaning

Treg Cells is the widely used abbreviation for Regulatory T cells, a distinct and specialized subset of T lymphocytes that play an indispensable role in maintaining immunological self-tolerance and preventing excessive or aberrant immune responses. These cells are the master brakes of the immune system, crucial for preventing autoimmune diseases and moderating chronic inflammation, which is a key factor in metabolic and hormonal health decline. Their function is essential for systemic immune balance.