What is the Origin of Transdermal Contraception?

The concept of transdermal drug delivery originated in the mid-20th century, but its application to hormonal contraception became commercially available in the early 2000s. The patch design was developed to address the compliance issues and the pharmacokinetic variability associated with daily oral dosing. The term specifically refers to the non-invasive delivery across the skin barrier into the systemic circulation.

What is the Mechanism of Transdermal Contraception?

The contraceptive mechanism is predominantly achieved through the suppression of ovulation. The continuous, steady release of synthetic estrogen and progestin exerts a negative feedback loop on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis. This action inhibits the pulsatile secretion of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH), thereby preventing the mid-cycle surge of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) necessary for follicular rupture and egg release. Secondary mechanisms include thickening the cervical mucus to impede sperm migration and inducing endometrial atrophy to prevent implantation.

Transdermal Contraception ∞ Area

Transdermal Contraception

Meaning

Transdermal Contraception is a method of hormonal birth control that involves the continuous, systemic delivery of synthetic estrogen and progestin hormones through a patch applied directly to the skin. This route of administration bypasses the gastrointestinal tract and first-pass hepatic metabolism, resulting in stable, consistent serum hormone levels over the course of the wear period. It is a highly effective, user-friendly alternative to daily oral contraceptive pills.