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Transcriptome Regulation

Meaning

The complex, dynamic control mechanisms that govern which genes are transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) in a specific cell type, thereby determining the total complement of proteins—the transcriptome—that the cell can produce at any given time. Hormones are master regulators of the transcriptome, binding to nuclear receptors to directly influence the transcription of genes responsible for growth, metabolism, and differentiation. Dysregulation of the transcriptome is a hallmark of many endocrine disorders and aging.