Question 1

What is the Meaning of Titer?

Accepted Answer

Titer is a quantitative measure in clinical chemistry that expresses the concentration of a substance, such as an antibody, hormone, or drug, determined by the minimum amount required to produce a detectable effect or reaction in a serial dilution assay. In endocrinology, measuring the titer of specific autoantibodies can be crucial for diagnosing autoimmune conditions like Hashimoto's thyroiditis or Type 1 diabetes. This value provides a precise, reciprocal measure of the concentration of the analyte in the patient's serum or plasma.

Question 2

What is the Origin of Titer?

Accepted Answer

The term originates from volumetric analysis in classical chemistry, derived from the French word titre, meaning "standard of fineness or quality." It was adopted into serology and clinical laboratory science as a standard way to quantify biological activity, particularly in infectious disease and immunology. Applying the concept to hormones allows for the standardized measurement of functional biological activity, moving beyond simple mass concentration.

Question 3

What is the Mechanism of Titer?

Accepted Answer

Titer determination involves serially diluting a patient sample, often by half-log or two-fold increments, and testing each dilution for a specific biological effect, such as binding to a receptor or neutralizing a pathogen. The highest dilution factor that still yields a positive result is the reported titer. This technique is particularly valuable for tracking the immunological response to administered hormonal peptides or for monitoring the severity of an autoimmune attack on an endocrine gland.

Titer

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

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