Biological mediators, frequently hormones or growth factors, that actively influence the synthesis, degradation, and organization of the extracellular matrix and cellular structures within specific tissues. These agents are responsible for adapting tissue architecture in response to physiological need, injury, or aging processes. They direct constructive and destructive cellular processes.
Origin
Derived from cell biology and matrix science, this refers to substances that control the turnover of structural components like collagen and elastin. In endocrinology, this often involves anabolic steroids or growth hormone signaling.
Mechanism
These agents function by upregulating or downregulating the activity of fibroblasts, osteoblasts, or chondrocytes, often via receptor-mediated signaling pathways. For example, adequate sex steroid levels promote bone matrix deposition, while localized inflammatory cytokines can drive matrix breakdown, demonstrating a dynamic interplay in tissue maintenance.
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