The complex, integrated network of cellular and molecular processes that maintain the stable internal environment necessary for optimal tissue function, orchestrated heavily by paracrine and endocrine signaling loops. This regulation ensures that cellular resources are appropriately allocated for maintenance, repair, and response to demand. It is the maintenance of internal biological constancy.
Origin
Homeostasis, a concept central to physiology since Claude Bernard, is here specified to the tissue level, emphasizing localized control mechanisms influenced by systemic hormones. Regulation highlights the active, dynamic nature of maintaining this stability against internal and external perturbations. The term implies continuous feedback correction.
Mechanism
This is executed through negative and positive feedback loops involving hormone receptors, growth factors, and local inflammatory mediators that constantly adjust cellular activity. For example, insulin signaling dictates glucose uptake and storage within muscle tissue, maintaining local energy balance irrespective of minor systemic fluctuations. Successful regulation prevents pathological accumulation or depletion of critical cellular components.
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