What is the Origin of Theca Cell Dysfunction?

Theca is derived from the Greek theke, meaning case or sheath, referring to the layer of cells surrounding the ovarian follicle. Dysfunction indicates an abnormal or impaired operation. This term is central to reproductive endocrinology and the pathophysiology of ovarian disorders.

What is the Mechanism of Theca Cell Dysfunction?

The mechanism of dysfunction often involves a heightened sensitivity or an excessive proliferative response of the theca cells to normal or elevated LH levels. In conditions like PCOS, this leads to an overproduction of androgens, such as testosterone and androstenedione. This excess androgen disrupts normal follicular development and can contribute to clinical signs of hyperandrogenism, illustrating a breakdown in the tightly regulated two-cell, two-gonadotropin model of ovarian steroidogenesis.

Theca Cell Dysfunction ∞ Area

Theca Cell Dysfunction

Meaning

Theca Cell Dysfunction describes an impaired functional capacity of the theca cells, which are endocrine cells located in the ovarian follicle. These cells are physiologically responsible for producing androgens, the precursors to estrogen synthesis, in response to Luteinizing Hormone (LH) stimulation. Dysfunction often manifests as an imbalance in steroidogenesis, contributing to common reproductive and metabolic disorders, such as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).