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The Three Bio-Switches

Meaning

The Three Bio-Switches is a conceptual framework in longevity and hormonal health that identifies three core intracellular signaling pathways—mTOR, AMPK, and Sirtuins—as master regulators of cellular metabolism, repair, and survival. These switches dictate whether the cell is in an anabolic, growth-promoting state (mTOR active) or a catabolic, repair-focused state (AMPK and Sirtuins active). Clinical strategies aim to selectively modulate these switches to promote healthspan.