What is the Origin of TGR5 Signaling?

Named after the pharmaceutical company Takeda, which played a role in its identification, TGR5 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that mediates the effects of bile acids outside of the digestive tract. The receptor is found in various tissues, including the gallbladder, brown adipose tissue, and immune cells.

What is the Mechanism of TGR5 Signaling?

Activation of TGR5 by bile acids, which are synthesized in the liver, triggers an intracellular cascade via the G protein, often leading to increased cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels. In peripheral tissues, this stimulation can enhance the production of the thyroid hormone deiodinase type 2 (D2), promoting the local conversion of inactive T4 to the metabolically active T3, thereby increasing overall energy expenditure.

TGR5 Signaling ∞ Area

TGR5 Signaling

Meaning

TGR5 Signaling is the specific cell-to-cell communication pathway initiated by the activation of the Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5, a membrane-bound receptor primarily responsive to bile acids. This pathway acts as a critical link between gut-derived signals and systemic energy balance, metabolism, and glucose homeostasis. It is an emerging target for treating metabolic disorders.

Intricate cellular clusters, potentially representing bioidentical hormones or peptide molecules, delicately encapsulated within a mesh matrix. This visualizes targeted delivery systems for Testosterone Replacement Therapy and Growth Hormone Secretagogues, ensuring hormone optimization and cellular repair to restore endocrine homeostasis and promote metabolic health through precision dosing and regenerative medicine principles.

How Do Probiotics Influence Hormonal Regulation beyond Estrogen Metabolism?

The gut microbiome regulates hormones beyond estrogen by producing signaling molecules that directly influence thyroid, adrenal, and metabolic function.

∞ Cortisol Modulation
∞ Neuro-Immuno-Endocrinology
∞ Signaling Molecules

HRTioAugust 3, 2025

TGR5 Signaling

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

How Do Probiotics Influence Hormonal Regulation beyond Estrogen Metabolism?

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