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TGF-β/Smad3 Pathway

Meaning

The TGF-β/Smad3 Pathway is a crucial cell signaling cascade initiated by the binding of Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) to its cell surface receptors, leading to the phosphorylation and activation of Smad proteins, particularly Smad3. This pathway is a master regulator of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and the deposition of extracellular matrix, making it a key player in tissue remodeling, wound healing, and, critically, fibrosis. In the hormonal health domain, dysregulation of this pathway is implicated in conditions like uterine fibroids and the aging-related decline in tissue elasticity.