The clinical practice of delivering exogenous testosterone to a patient, typically via injection, transdermal gel, or pellet implant, with the primary goal of restoring serum testosterone concentrations to a healthy physiological range. This therapeutic intervention is indicated for the treatment of clinically diagnosed hypogonadism in males and, in some cases, for specific hormonal deficiencies in females. Precise dosing and monitoring are essential to achieve therapeutic benefits while mitigating potential risks.
Origin
This is a standard clinical and pharmacological term, with “testosterone therapy” referring to the treatment and “administration” specifying the method of delivery. The practice has evolved significantly since the early 20th century, with modern protocols emphasizing individualized, steady-state dosing.
Mechanism
Exogenous testosterone binds to androgen receptors in target tissues, where it exerts its biological effects, including promoting muscle protein synthesis, maintaining bone density, and influencing libido and mood. The administration route and ester choice determine the pharmacokinetics, specifically the absorption and half-life, which dictates the frequency of dosing. Careful clinical management is required to monitor the conversion of testosterone to estradiol and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and to manage the negative feedback suppression of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Testicular (HPT) axis.
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