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Term 3

Meaning

Estrogen Metabolism is the complex, multi-step biochemical process by which the body breaks down active estrogen hormones, primarily estradiol, into various intermediate and end-product metabolites for excretion. This process occurs largely in the liver but involves other tissues like the gut and breast tissue. The specific pathways utilized—known as Phase I hydroxylation and Phase II methylation/glucuronidation—determine the relative balance of beneficial versus potentially harmful estrogen byproducts. Clinically, the efficiency of these pathways is paramount for reducing the risk of estrogen-sensitive conditions and managing hormonal symptoms.