What is the Origin of Teratogenic Effects?

The term is derived from the Greek word teratos, meaning "monster," and genesis, meaning "origin," reflecting the historical observation of birth defects. The clinical and scientific concept was formalized following major drug-induced tragedies, leading to the establishment of mandatory reproductive toxicology testing in drug development.

What is the Mechanism of Teratogenic Effects?

Teratogenic agents exert their effect by interfering with critical developmental processes during organogenesis, such as cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, or apoptosis. This interference can directly damage embryonic cells, disrupt the maternal-fetal endocrine axis, or alter the nutritional supply, leading to permanent structural or functional defects in the developing organ system.

Teratogenic Effects

Meaning

Teratogenic Effects are any adverse structural or functional developmental change in an embryo or fetus resulting from prenatal exposure to a drug, chemical, or environmental agent. These effects, known as teratogenicity, range from minor congenital anomalies to severe, life-threatening malformations. In the context of hormonal health, certain hormone modulators or synthetic hormones are known to carry a significant teratogenic risk, necessitating strict contraception and patient counseling.