A focus within longevity science dedicated to mitigating the progressive shortening of telomeres, the protective caps on the ends of chromosomes, which serves as a biomarker for cellular aging and replicative senescence. Preservation strategies aim to maintain chromosomal stability and extend the functional lifespan of somatic cells. This is a critical component of maintaining tissue vitality.
Origin
The concept originates from molecular biology and cellular senescence research, where telomeres were identified as the “fuses” of the chromosomes. Preservation implies slowing the rate of attrition, often through supporting the activity of the enzyme telomerase or reducing oxidative damage that accelerates shortening.
Mechanism
The primary mechanism for active preservation involves modulating cellular stress pathways that induce DNA damage and subsequent telomere erosion. This often intersects with hormonal optimization, as balanced steroid hormones and reduced chronic cortisol exposure can decrease systemic oxidative burden. Furthermore, certain cellular signaling pathways, when favorably modulated, can increase the expression or activity of telomerase in specific cell populations, thereby counteracting natural shortening during replication.
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