Telomere Length Dynamics describes the continuous biological process governing the attrition or maintenance of the protective nucleotide sequences capping the ends of human chromosomes. This measurement serves as a significant biomarker reflecting the accumulated replicative history and biological age of a cell population. Shortening is generally associated with senescence.
Origin
This concept is rooted in molecular gerontology, established through research demonstrating that telomere shortening acts as a cellular mitotic clock, limiting the lifespan of most somatic cells.
Mechanism
Dynamics are influenced by cellular division rates, oxidative stress levels, and the regulated activity of the enzyme telomerase, which can add sequence repeats. Interventions aim to reduce oxidative damage and inflammation, which accelerate attrition, thereby supporting the preservation of telomere length and sustained cellular viability.
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