The precise application of specific wavelengths, intensities, and durations of non-ionizing light exposure at chronometrically optimized times to modulate biological processes, primarily focusing on the circadian rhythm and cellular metabolism. This intervention is a clinical strategy used to correct circadian misalignment, enhance mitochondrial function, or regulate specific hormonal releases. It is a non-pharmacological tool for chronotherapy.
Origin
This term is rooted in chronotherapy and photobiomodulation, emphasizing a structured, precise application of light as a therapeutic agent. “Targeted” refers to the specificity of the light’s parameters (wavelength, time) and the biological system being addressed (e.g., SCN, mitochondria). It is a clinical application of the science of light as a zeitgeber.
Mechanism
A common application involves using high-intensity, blue-enriched light in the early morning to powerfully stimulate melanopsin cells, thereby advancing the circadian phase and optimizing the Cortisol Awakening Response. Conversely, evening intervention may involve filtering out blue light to prevent melatonin suppression and facilitate sleep onset. Other targets include using red or near-infrared light to enhance mitochondrial ATP production and reduce oxidative stress in specific tissues.
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