What is the Origin of Tanycytes?

The term is derived from the Greek word tany, meaning "long" or "stretched," which accurately describes their characteristic morphology, featuring long basal processes that extend deep into the adjacent hypothalamic tissue. Their distinct anatomical location and specialized function have been recognized since the initial histological mapping of the circumventricular organs.

What is the Mechanism of Tanycytes?

Tanycytes are characterized by dynamic tight junctions and the expression of various specific transport proteins and hormone receptors, enabling them to selectively and actively regulate the bidirectional passage of substances. These substances include peripheral hormones and critical metabolic signals like glucose and leptin, moving between the CSF and the hypothalamic neurons. They are fundamentally integrated into the neuroendocrine feedback loops, acting as a crucial, regulated interface that controls the release of key pituitary hormones.

Tanycytes ∞ Area

Tanycytes

Meaning

Tanycytes are a distinct population of highly specialized, elongated ependymal cells that form a continuous lining on the floor of the third ventricle of the brain, specifically concentrated in the area of the median eminence and infundibulum. These unique, bipolar glial cells play a critical and intricate role in neuroendocrine regulation by acting as a direct physical and chemical mediator between the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the hypophyseal portal circulation of the anterior pituitary gland.