Question 1

What is the Meaning of T4/T3 Conversion?

Accepted Answer

T4/T3 conversion is the crucial metabolic process where the relatively inactive prohormone, thyroxine (T4), is enzymatically deiodinated to produce the biologically active thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T3). This peripheral conversion is the primary source of T3 in most tissues and is tightly regulated to meet the specific energy demands of individual organs. Efficient conversion is essential for optimal cellular metabolism and systemic health.

Question 2

What is the Origin of T4/T3 Conversion?

Accepted Answer

The term is purely descriptive, referring to the chemical transformation of the T4 molecule into the T3 molecule. T4, containing four iodine atoms, is converted to T3, which contains three. This key biochemical step was fully elucidated with the discovery of the deiodinase enzymes in the mid-20th century, solidifying the understanding of thyroid hormone activation outside the thyroid gland itself.

Question 3

What is the Mechanism of T4/T3 Conversion?

Accepted Answer

The conversion is catalyzed by a family of selenium-containing enzymes known as deiodinases, specifically Type 1 (D1) and Type 2 (D2) deiodinases. D1 and D2 catalyze the removal of an iodine atom from the outer ring of T4, transforming it into T3. D1 is primarily found in the liver and kidney, contributing to circulating T3, while D2 is abundant in the pituitary, brain, and muscle, providing local, intracellular T3 and serving as a critical regulator of the HPT axis.

T4/T3 Conversion

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

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