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Systemic Vs Topical

Meaning

Systemic versus topical is a fundamental pharmacological and clinical distinction describing the route and extent of drug or hormone delivery within the body. A systemic administration means the substance is intended to be absorbed into the bloodstream to reach target organs throughout the entire body, affecting multiple physiological systems, such as oral or transdermal patches. Conversely, topical application is localized to a specific external site, such as the skin or a mucosal surface, with the primary therapeutic effect intended only at the site of application and minimal systemic absorption.