The dynamic, multi-faceted capability of the entire organism to adjust its internal physiological and biochemical environment in response to chronic or acute external stressors, while maintaining the necessary conditions for survival and optimal function. This adaptation involves the coordinated effort of the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems to restore balance following a perturbation. A robust capacity for systemic homeostasis adaptation is the clinical definition of resilience and healthspan.
Origin
This term is a compound of the fundamental biological concept of “homeostasis,” the tendency toward a stable internal state, and “systemic adaptation,” which emphasizes the organism-wide, flexible response to environmental change. The term highlights that health is not static but a constant, active process of adjustment.
Mechanism
The mechanism is mediated by complex, interconnected neuroendocrine feedback loops, most notably the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and the autonomic nervous system. When a stressor is perceived, these systems release hormones and neurotransmitters that alter metabolism, heart rate, and immune function. Successful adaptation occurs when these counter-regulatory responses effectively return all parameters to their stable, functional setpoints without incurring excessive allostatic load.
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