The collective set of metabolic processes throughout the body that involve the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones, resulting in tissue building, repair, and growth. This systemic state is crucial for maintaining muscle mass, bone density, and overall tissue integrity. It is the constructive phase of metabolism, driven primarily by anabolic hormones.
Origin
This is a fundamental term in biochemistry and metabolism, contrasted with catabolism (breakdown). The addition of “systemic” emphasizes the body-wide nature of this constructive process, rather than localized cellular activity. It is a core concept in endocrinology, particularly in relation to growth, aging, and recovery.
Mechanism
Anabolism is largely orchestrated by key anabolic hormones, including testosterone, growth hormone (GH), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which bind to receptors and stimulate protein synthesis and cellular proliferation. These hormones promote the uptake of amino acids and glucose by muscle and other tissues, providing the building blocks and energy necessary for tissue accretion. The mechanism requires a net positive nitrogen balance and a favorable energy status.
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