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Synaptic Plasticity

Meaning

Synaptic Plasticity refers to the ability of synapses, the junctions between neurons, to strengthen or weaken over time in response to increases or decreases in their activity. This fundamental biological process is the cellular basis for learning, memory formation, and adaptive cognitive function, allowing the brain to reorganize and adjust its neural circuitry throughout the lifespan. Hormones, particularly sex steroids and thyroid hormones, are critical modulators of this neural flexibility.