Question 1

What is the Meaning of SURPASS Trial?

Accepted Answer

The SURPASS clinical trial program represents a comprehensive series of studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide, a novel dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist, for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. These trials rigorously assessed its impact on glycemic control and body weight reduction across diverse patient populations.

Question 2

What is the Context of SURPASS Trial?

Accepted Answer

Operating within the metabolic landscape, the SURPASS trials directly address the complex pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, a condition characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. Tirzepatide's mechanism engages both incretin pathways, aiming to restore metabolic balance and improve glucose homeostasis. This research contributes significantly to the understanding of advanced therapeutic strategies in endocrinology.

Question 3

What is the Significance of SURPASS Trial?

Accepted Answer

The outcomes from the SURPASS trials have substantially influenced the therapeutic landscape for type 2 diabetes. They demonstrate tirzepatide's superior ability to reduce hemoglobin A1c and promote clinically meaningful weight loss compared to existing treatments. This offers healthcare providers a powerful new tool to improve patient health outcomes, mitigating the progression of diabetes-related complications.

Question 4

What is the Mechanism of SURPASS Trial?

Accepted Answer

Tirzepatide functions as a co-agonist at both the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors. This dual agonism enhances glucose-dependent insulin release from pancreatic beta cells, suppresses inappropriate glucagon secretion, and slows gastric emptying. Furthermore, it influences appetite regulation in the central nervous system, collectively contributing to improved glycemic management and reduced caloric intake.

Question 5

What is the Application of SURPASS Trial?

Accepted Answer

Clinically, the data derived from the SURPASS program supports the use of tirzepatide as a once-weekly subcutaneous injection for adults with type 2 diabetes. It is prescribed as an adjunct to diet and exercise, serving as a foundational or add-on therapy. The trial results guide dosing regimens and patient selection for optimal therapeutic benefit.

Question 6

What is the Metric of SURPASS Trial?

Accepted Answer

Key metrics evaluated in the SURPASS trials included the change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) from baseline, reflecting long-term glycemic control, and the percentage change in body weight. Additional measurements encompassed fasting plasma glucose levels, lipid profiles, and the incidence of hypoglycemia. Adverse events were systematically monitored to assess the safety profile of the investigational agent.

Question 7

What is the Risk of SURPASS Trial?

Accepted Answer

Potential clinical risks associated with tirzepatide, as identified in the SURPASS trials, primarily involve gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, which are typically dose-dependent. Hypoglycemia may occur, particularly when used with insulin or sulfonylureas. Rare but serious risks include pancreatitis and acute kidney injury; the relevance of thyroid C-cell tumors observed in rodents remains under clinical investigation.

SURPASS Trial

Meaning

Context

Significance

Mechanism

Application

Metric

Risk

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