Question 1

What is the Meaning of SULT1B1?

Accepted Answer

SULT1B1, or Sulfotransferase Family 1B Member 1, is an enzyme critical for phase II detoxification. It catalyzes sulfonate group transfer from a donor to various substrates, including hormones and xenobiotics, facilitating their elimination. This sulfation is a vital metabolic step.

Question 2

What is the Context of SULT1B1?

Accepted Answer

This enzyme functions primarily within the liver, intestines, and kidneys, key metabolic organs. SULT1B1 participates in thyroid hormone sulfation, particularly T3 and T4, and various xenobiotic compounds. Its presence highlights its influence on endocrine regulation and drug metabolism.

Question 3

What is the Significance of SULT1B1?

Accepted Answer

SULT1B1 activity holds direct clinical importance for thyroid hormone homeostasis and drug efficacy. Variations in its function can influence thyroid hormone bioavailability and clearance, affecting metabolic rate. Individual SULT1B1 status may guide therapeutic decisions for medications metabolized via sulfation, impacting patient response and minimizing adverse effects.

Question 4

What is the Mechanism of SULT1B1?

Accepted Answer

SULT1B1 transfers a sulfonate moiety from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to hydroxyl or amino groups on target substrates. This enzymatic reaction increases compound water solubility, promoting excretion via urine or bile. The enzyme's structure dictates substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency, influencing sulfation rates for diverse molecules.

Question 5

What is the Application of SULT1B1?

Accepted Answer

Clinical application of SULT1B1 knowledge is emerging in pharmacogenomics. Genetic polymorphisms influencing its activity can predict individual responses to certain drugs. Understanding a patient's SULT1B1 genotype may inform personalized dosing strategies for medications susceptible to sulfation-mediated clearance. This insight allows tailoring treatment plans, optimizing outcomes and enhancing patient safety.

Question 6

What is the Metric of SULT1B1?

Accepted Answer

Assessing SULT1B1 activity or genetic predisposition involves molecular and biochemical approaches. Genetic testing identifies single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the SULT1B1 gene correlating with altered enzyme function. Indirect measures, like analyzing urinary or plasma levels of sulfated metabolites, offer insights into overall sulfation, providing a functional assessment.

Question 7

What is the Risk of SULT1B1?

Accepted Answer

Dysregulation of SULT1B1 activity, due to genetic variations or environmental factors, carries health implications. Reduced enzyme function could lead to accumulation of unsulfated compounds, increasing their toxicity or altering hormonal effects. Conversely, high activity might lead to rapid clearance of beneficial compounds. Imbalances may contribute to altered thyroid function, impaired detoxification, or unexpected drug responses, necessitating careful clinical monitoring.

SULT1B1

Meaning

Context

Significance

Mechanism

Application

Metric

Risk

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