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Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue

Meaning

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue (SAT) is the layer of fat cells, or adipocytes, primarily located directly beneath the skin, serving physiologically as a major energy reservoir and an active, complex endocrine organ. This tissue acts mechanically as a cushion and thermal insulator, but its metabolic and endocrine function is equally critical, storing triglycerides and releasing free fatty acids as needed. The relative distribution and overall health of SAT, as opposed to visceral fat, is a significant, clinically recognized indicator of metabolic health and insulin sensitivity.