Stress Resilience Neurochemistry refers to the optimal configuration of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and their receptor systems that confer an enhanced capacity for the central nervous system to adapt to, withstand, and rapidly recover from psychological and physiological stress. This robust neurochemical state is characterized by balanced levels of inhibitory (GABA) and excitatory (glutamate) neurotransmitters, coupled with efficient dopaminergic and serotonergic signaling for mood and motivation stability. It is the molecular foundation of psychological fortitude.
Origin
This concept is a specialization within neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology, focusing on the molecular basis of coping mechanisms. The term ‘resilience’ is drawn from psychology, while ‘neurochemistry’ anchors the concept in measurable, biological pathways, emphasizing the modulatory role of hormones on brain function.
Mechanism
Resilience is mechanistically supported by the neurotrophic effects of BDNF and the regulatory action of specific hormones, which maintain synaptic integrity and neuronal health under duress. Optimal GABAergic tone provides an inhibitory brake on excessive limbic system activity, preventing panic and anxiety. Furthermore, a stable serotonergic system buffers against mood dysregulation, ensuring that the cognitive and emotional responses to stress remain adaptive and proportional to the perceived threat, thus preventing allostatic overload.
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