What is the Origin of Stress Buffering?

This concept is derived from psychoneuroendocrinology and stress physiology, where the term 'buffer' is used analogously to a chemical buffer that resists changes in pH. It describes the adaptive reserve of the stress response system. Clinically, it is a measure of an individual's allostatic load and resilience.

What is the Mechanism of Stress Buffering?

The primary mechanism involves the precise regulation of cortisol and catecholamine release and clearance. Hormones like DHEA and progesterone often act as counter-regulatory agents, modulating the glucocorticoid receptor sensitivity and dampening the inflammatory effects of prolonged cortisol exposure. This system is supported by optimal neurotransmitter balance and robust autonomic nervous system function.

Stress Buffering ∞ Area

Stress Buffering

Meaning

The physiological and psychological capacity of an organism to attenuate the disruptive effects of acute or chronic stressors on homeostatic systems, particularly the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. Effective stress buffering involves a rapid and appropriate response to a stressor followed by an efficient return to baseline. This resilience is critical for preventing stress-induced endocrine dysregulation and subsequent chronic disease.