Stress Adaptogens are a class of natural compounds, typically derived from specific herbal extracts, that are clinically defined by their unique ability to help the body resist the damaging effects of various stressors, whether physical, chemical, or biological. They work by exerting a non-specific, normalizing influence on physiological processes, particularly those governed by the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. These substances modulate the stress response without causing overstimulation or undue suppression.
Origin
The term ‘Adaptogen’ was scientifically defined by Russian toxicologist N.V. Lazarev in 1947, and further developed by I.I. Brekhman, to describe substances that must meet three specific, non-toxic criteria. This classification is rooted in traditional medicine practices and has been validated by modern pharmacological research into their effects on the endocrine system.
Mechanism
Adaptogens function primarily by modulating the expression and sensitivity of receptors for stress hormones, specifically glucocorticoids, and by influencing key stress-response mediators like Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs). By supporting the adrenal glands and stabilizing the Cortisol Diurnal Variation, they enhance cellular energy production and maintain homeostatic balance. This mechanism effectively increases the body’s overall resilience to chronic duress and allostatic load.
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