What is the Origin of SRD5A2 Enzyme?

The acronym SRD5A2 stands for Steroid 5 Alpha-Reductase 2, a name that describes its substrate (steroid), its catalytic action (5-alpha reduction), and its specific isoform (type 2). The clinical importance of this enzyme was established with the discovery of genetic deficiencies leading to intersex conditions and its role as a target for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia.

What is the Mechanism of SRD5A2 Enzyme?

The SRD5A2 enzyme, located within the nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum, utilizes the cofactor NADPH to reduce the double bond at the C4-C5 position of the testosterone molecule's A-ring, forming DHT. The resulting DHT then binds with high affinity to the androgen receptor, eliciting a much stronger transcriptional response than testosterone itself, thereby mediating the potent androgenic effects in sensitive target tissues.

SRD5A2 Enzyme ∞ Area

SRD5A2 Enzyme

Meaning

The gene symbol for the steroid 5-alpha reductase type 2 enzyme, a critical intracellular enzyme that catalyzes the irreversible conversion of testosterone into the significantly more potent androgen, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), primarily in the prostate, external genitalia, and hair follicles. This enzyme’s activity is paramount for male sexual differentiation during development and for androgen-dependent processes in adulthood.