The process of favorably altering body composition by increasing lean muscle mass and simultaneously reducing adipose tissue mass, often requiring specific manipulation of the anabolic-catabolic hormonal balance. This is a targeted shift in body morphology rather than simply weight loss or gain. Achieving this requires synchronized metabolic signals.
Origin
This term is derived from anthropometry and exercise physiology, focusing on the phenotypic expression of underlying metabolic and endocrine states. It recognizes that body shape (somatotype) is highly responsive to the ratio of anabolic hormones, like testosterone, to catabolic hormones, like cortisol. It represents optimizing body architecture.
Mechanism
Recomposition is driven by strategies that maximize insulin sensitivity and anabolic signaling pathways, such as optimizing growth hormone pulses and testosterone signaling for muscle protein synthesis. Simultaneously, strategies must limit lipolysis resistance induced by chronic elevated glucocorticoids. The successful mechanism involves creating a sustained net positive protein balance coupled with efficient fat mobilization.
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