What is the Origin of SNP Analysis?

The term is fundamental to molecular genetics and genomics, with "SNP" being an acronym for Single Nucleotide Polymorphism. The clinical application of SNP analysis became widespread with the advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies, allowing for affordable and comprehensive genetic profiling. It represents the move from population genetics to individualized genetic understanding.

What is the Mechanism of SNP Analysis?

A SNP affects the function of a gene by subtly altering the resulting protein's structure or expression level, such as an enzyme's efficiency. For example, a SNP in a CYP450 enzyme gene might slow down the metabolism of certain hormones or drugs, requiring a lower dose. The mechanism of analysis involves isolating DNA and using sequencing or genotyping arrays to determine which base pair variant (allele) is present at specific, clinically relevant locations in the genome.

SNP Analysis ∞ Area

SNP Analysis

Meaning

SNP Analysis is the laboratory-based evaluation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, which are common variations at a single base pair in the DNA sequence that occur across the human genome. Clinically, this analysis identifies specific genetic variations that can influence an individual’s metabolic capacity, nutrient requirements, detoxification efficiency, and hormonal responsiveness. This data provides foundational, non-modifiable insight into an individual’s inherent biological tendencies, guiding personalized preventative and therapeutic strategies.