Sleep Quality Assessment is the systematic evaluation of the subjective and objective characteristics of an individual’s sleep, moving beyond simple duration to analyze metrics like sleep latency, sleep efficiency, continuity, and the proportion of time spent in various sleep stages. This assessment is a vital component of clinical practice, as poor sleep quality is a significant driver of metabolic and endocrine dysfunction. Validated questionnaires and objective polysomnography are key tools in this process.
Origin
This term is fundamental to sleep medicine and chronobiology, arising from the clinical need to quantify the restorative value of sleep. Early research relied on subjective reports, but the field evolved with the development of electrophysiological techniques like EEG to objectively measure sleep architecture.
Mechanism
High sleep quality is essential for the proper nocturnal release of Growth Hormone and the appropriate suppression of the catabolic hormone cortisol, which facilitates tissue repair and metabolic regulation. Poor quality sleep, particularly fragmented or insufficient deep sleep, disrupts the pulsatile release of these hormones and impairs glucose metabolism, contributing to insulin resistance and chronic inflammation.
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