A targeted, clinical approach to intentionally shift the timing of an individual’s sleep-wake cycle, or chronotype, to better align with their desired schedule or external social and occupational demands. This strategy is essential for treating specific circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, such as delayed or advanced sleep phase syndrome. It is a form of chronotherapy focused on temporal realignment.
Origin
This concept is a specialized application within chronobiology and sleep medicine, recognizing that the internal circadian clock can be phase-advanced (shifted earlier) or phase-delayed (shifted later). The strategy employs external cues to induce a controlled shift in the biological rhythm. It is a direct method of re-entrainment of the master pacemaker.
Mechanism
Phasing is primarily achieved by the precise timing of light exposure, which is the most potent zeitgeber. Exposure to bright light in the early evening will delay the clock, while exposure in the early morning will advance it. This manipulation directly affects the suprachiasmatic nucleus, which in turn regulates the timing of the melatonin onset and the sleep propensity curve.
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