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Shear Stress

Meaning

Shear Stress is a mechanical force generated by the friction of blood flow against the endothelial cells lining the inner walls of blood vessels. This force is a critical physiological stimulus that directly influences vascular tone, endothelial health, and the structural integrity of the arterial wall. Optimal, laminar shear stress is essential for promoting the production of beneficial vasodilatory molecules like nitric oxide (NO), contributing to cardiovascular health and regulating blood pressure. Conversely, low or turbulent shear stress is implicated in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and vascular dysfunction.