What is the Origin of SHBG Fractionation Analysis?

This specialized analysis evolved from the understanding that total hormone levels often do not accurately reflect the biologically active hormone fraction, a concept established in endocrinology decades ago. "SHBG" is the acronym for the binding protein, and "Fractionation" denotes the analytical separation of the bound and unbound portions.

What is the Mechanism of SHBG Fractionation Analysis?

The analysis typically employs equilibrium dialysis or analog tracer methods to separate the tightly bound, loosely bound, and unbound (free) hormone fractions. The total SHBG concentration is genetically and metabolically regulated, often increasing with estrogen excess or hyperthyroidism and decreasing with insulin resistance. By quantifying the free fraction, clinicians can precisely assess the amount of hormone available to interact with target cell receptors and drive biological action.

SHBG Fractionation Analysis ∞ Area

SHBG Fractionation Analysis

Meaning

SHBG Fractionation Analysis is an advanced clinical laboratory test that goes beyond measuring total Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG) to determine the distribution and binding capacity of this protein. SHBG is a glycoprotein that binds to sex steroids, particularly testosterone and estradiol, rendering them biologically inactive. Fractionation provides a more nuanced understanding of the proportion of free, or bioavailable, hormones versus bound hormones, offering a superior clinical picture of androgen and estrogen status.