A comprehensive clinical assessment of the circulating levels and relative ratios of key gonadal steroids, primarily testosterone, estradiol, and their precursors/metabolites, which govern reproductive function, secondary sexual characteristics, and metabolic health across the lifespan. Determining status requires understanding diurnal variations and binding globulin interactions. This assessment is foundational to endocrine evaluation.
Origin
This concept originates from endocrinology, focusing on the gonads as the primary source of sex steroids. ‘Status’ implies a snapshot of current functional capacity within established physiological norms for age and sex. The understanding has evolved from simple total hormone measurement to assessing free, bioavailable fractions.
Mechanism
Sexual hormone status dictates the level of receptor occupancy in target tissues, influencing muscle anabolism, bone mineralization, libido, and mood regulation via central nervous system interaction. For instance, adequate testosterone supports protein synthesis pathways, while estradiol maintains vascular health via nitric oxide signaling. The mechanism is one of transcriptional regulation initiated by the binding of these lipophilic signaling molecules to intracellular receptors.
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