Satiety Hormone Control is the physiological regulation of anorexigenic peptide hormones released from the gastrointestinal tract and adipose tissue in response to nutrient ingestion, which act to signal energy sufficiency and terminate food consumption. Effective control is paramount for preventing overeating, managing energy balance, and supporting long-term weight regulation. This system is a major target for metabolic health interventions.
Origin
This concept is central to the field of gut endocrinology, recognizing the crucial role of peripheral hormones in communicating nutritional status to the central nervous system. ‘Satiety’ derives from the Latin satis, meaning ‘enough.’
Mechanism
Key satiety hormones include Peptide YY (PYY), Cholecystokinin (CCK), and Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which are secreted postprandially. These hormones travel through the circulation to act on receptors in the hypothalamus and brainstem, reducing the drive to eat and slowing gastric emptying. Adipose-derived leptin also contributes to long-term satiety signaling, providing feedback on the size of the body’s energy stores.
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