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Satellite Cell Activation

Meaning

Satellite Cell Activation is the process where quiescent, unipotent stem cells, known as satellite cells, located beneath the basal lamina of muscle fibers, are stimulated to proliferate and differentiate. This activation is the essential initial step in skeletal muscle repair, regeneration, and hypertrophy in response to damage or mechanical overload. Activated satellite cells fuse with existing muscle fibers or form new ones, thereby contributing nuclei and structural components necessary for muscle maintenance and growth. This process is highly sensitive to hormonal signals, notably growth hormone and androgens.