Resistance Training Neurotrophins describes the physiological phenomenon where structured, progressive muscle loading stimulates the systemic and central nervous system release of neurotrophic factors, particularly Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF). This link establishes resistance training as a potent non-pharmacological modulator of brain health, directly connecting musculoskeletal effort with neurological resilience and plasticity. The increase in neurotrophins supports neuronal survival, promotes synaptogenesis, and enhances cognitive function. This mechanism is crucial for mitigating age-related cognitive and motor decline by leveraging the muscle-brain axis.
Origin
This concept is a synthesis of exercise physiology and molecular neuroscience, linking mechanical muscle work to endocrine and paracrine signaling that benefits the brain. The discovery that exercise, particularly resistance work, increases circulating BDNF challenged the previous focus solely on aerobic activity. It highlights the profound systemic communication between muscle tissue and the central nervous system.
Mechanism
Muscular contraction during resistance training induces a localized metabolic stress and the release of myokines, such as Cathepsin B, into the circulation. These signaling molecules can cross the blood-brain barrier, stimulating the hippocampus and cortex to increase BDNF synthesis and secretion. BDNF then acts via its TrkB receptor to promote dendritic arborization and synaptic strength, essentially fertilizing the brain for new learning and repair.
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