What is the Origin of Resistance Training Hormonal Effects?

The study of exercise endocrinology formalized this concept, moving beyond general exercise effects to focus on the unique physiological signature of resistance training. Early research demonstrated that heavy lifting led to measurable, transient increases in circulating anabolic hormones. This work provided the scientific basis for using resistance training to optimize body composition and mitigate age-related sarcopenia.

What is the Mechanism of Resistance Training Hormonal Effects?

The acute stress of resistance exercise stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the somatotropic axis. Local muscle damage and metabolic stress trigger a pulsatile release of Growth Hormone and a subsequent increase in IGF-1, promoting tissue repair and growth. Testosterone, released from the gonads, binds to androgen receptors to enhance protein synthesis. Simultaneously, the training protocol improves peripheral insulin sensitivity, ensuring efficient nutrient partitioning, while the transient rise in cortisol helps mobilize energy substrates for the demanding muscular work.

Resistance Training Hormonal Effects

Meaning

The specific, acute, and chronic alterations in the concentration and signaling of various endocrine hormones induced by engaging in structured strength or resistance exercise. This type of training elicits significant anabolic and catabolic responses, directly influencing hormones such as testosterone, growth hormone, cortisol, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). These hormonal shifts are fundamental to muscle hypertrophy, bone density, and metabolic adaptation.