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Refeeding Syndrome

Meaning

Refeeding Syndrome is a potentially fatal shift in fluid and electrolytes that can occur in malnourished patients following the commencement of nutritional support. This metabolic complication is characterized by hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia, alongside fluid retention and thiamine deficiency. The syndrome is a direct result of the sudden influx of carbohydrates, which triggers insulin secretion and a rapid intracellular shift of electrolytes and water. Clinical recognition and prophylactic management are critical to prevent severe cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurological complications.